To accommodate the needs for high detection accuracy and high throughput in a measurement system, Dr. Sakairi and his group have been developing real-time mass spectrometry (RTM) and have deployed and implemented it in environmental measurement systems and physical security systems. Japanese Customs uses the physical security systems in inspection areas to detect smuggling of explosives and illegal drugs. Although advancements in physical measurement technologies have led to the birth of a giant industry, we have now almost reached their performance limits. Now research is moving toward creating a measurement technology modeled after the olfactory system of living organisms for accurately recognizing and distinguishing a vast array of odorant molecules.